洪武年间的麓川问题及明朝的处理策略

The Luchuan Problem in Hongwu Period and the Treatment Strategy of Ming Dynasty

麓川原指今天云南德宏州的瑞丽、陇川、梁河、遮放一带,也指在麓川地区建立的傣族政权。麓川在元末获得了很大发展,很快成为了游离于国家政权之外的地方势力。明朝初期的边防重心是对付北元,但西南地区的安全也不容小觑,因此,如何处理麓川土司问题是维护西南地区安定、巩固中央统治重要的一环。在明与麓川的交涉中,明采取了招抚和武力征服并用的方式,在经过景东之战、摩沙勒之战和定边之战后,明采取了分而治之的方式肢解麓川,将这些部分并入云南。在麓川经历刀干孟叛乱后,明朝就对麓川事宜进行直接干涉,进一步分化麓川势力,使云南西部疆域面积扩大。

Luanchuan is today’s Ruili, longchuan, Lianghe, Zhefang of Dehong in Yunnan, and also refers to the Dai government established in the Luchuan area. Luchuan gained great development at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and soon became a local force outside the state power. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the border defense forces of the Ming Dynasty were mainly used to deal with the North Yuan, but the security of the southwestern region was not to be underestimated. Therefore, how to deal with the problem of the Luchuan Tusi to the stability of the southwest region and the consolidation of central government. In the negotiations between Ming and Luchuan, Ming adopted the method of recruiting and using force to conquer and use. After the battle of Jingdong, Moshale and Dingbian, Ming adopted a divide-and-conquer method to dismember Luchuan, thus these parts are incorporated into Yunnan. After the Luchuan experienced the rebellion of the Knuckle and the Bangladesh, the Ming Dynasty directly intervened in the matter of the Luchuan, further diversifying the forces of the Luchuan and expanding the territory of the western part of Yunnan.