伦理与疗愈:先天性唇腭裂患者的疾痛叙事

Ethics and Healing:Illness Narratives of Pain in Patients with Congenital Cleft Lip and Palate

长久以来,生物医学在疾病疗愈上占据绝对优势,认为疾病是生物分子结构激变或生理激素紊乱造成的结果。美国人类学家凯博文通过对中国精神疾病的田野研究试图证明,身体是社会的身体,疾病是文化的建构。从疾病的社会建构论与疾痛叙事角度出发,以中国医学科学院整形医院整形一科的田野实践为依据,对先天性唇腭裂患者的生活世界绘以深描,从病患的主体经验和体验出发,展现文化如何形塑身体观与疾病观,社会文化逻辑如何影响医学话语实践,以期对如何看待先天性唇腭裂患者,如何减轻先天性唇腭裂患者的疾痛进行反思。

For a long time,biomedicine has taken an absolute advantage in the healing of diseases,and claims that the disease is the result of structural changes in biological molecules or physiological hormone disorders.Through field research on mental illness in China,American anthropologist Arthur Kleinman claims that body is the body of society and disease is the construction of culture.Based on the social construction theory of disease and the narrative,through the investigation on field practice of the plastic surgery department of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,this paper draws a deep picture of the life world of patients with congenital cleft lip and palate,from the subject experience of the patients,showing how culture shapes the concept of body and disease,and how social and cultural logic influences the practice of medical discourse,with a view to reflect on how to treat and reduce the pain of patients with congenital cleft lip and palate.