数字人文项目前端历史档案资源众包探析:特征、风险及其控制

An Analysis of Historical Archive Resources Crowdsourcing at the Front Side of the DH Projects:Features,Risks and Their Control

历史档案资源是重要的数字人文实践对象,而众包是聚合与优化历史档案资源的信息组织形式。数字人文项目前端的历史档案资源众包具有面向项目需求贡献和转化资源内容、在网络环境下开放和共享资源与成果、基于共同目标实现全景式协作等特点,同时具有网络平台存在安全隐患、用户行为和任务质量难以掌控等风险。档案馆、图书馆、博物馆等发包方是历史档案资源众包风险控制的实施主体,从历史档案资源众包和数字人文项目的前后端关系出发,可以规划基于历时视角的众包风险控制路径:在前期阶段设计和构建平台并实施用户准入控制,在中期阶段进行指导协调并监督任务执行,在后期阶段检视、审核并发布众包成果。控制成效可在后端的数字人文教学和研究中得到检验。

Historical archive resources are important objects for the Digital Humanities(DH)practice and crowdsourcing is an information organization approach that aggregates and optimizes historical archive resources.Based on the successive relationship of historical archive resources crowdsourcing and the DH projects,the characteristics and risks of historical archive resources crowdsourcing at the front side of the DH projects can be explored.Furthermore,a path for risk control covering the early,middle and late stages from the diachronic perspective will be proposed.The effectiveness of crowdsourcing risk control can be verified by the DH education and research at the back side.