宋代科技档案的特点

Features of Song Dynasty Science and Technology Archives

宋代的科技档案具有两种不同的面貌,从科技档案的外在发展角度看,宋代的科技档案伴随着科学技术的发展在两宋时期达到了一个显而易见的巅峰状态,这一时期的科技档案不但类型多样、连续性强、内容丰富,而且在两宋宽松的政治文化环境中受到更加规范化、标准化的整理和保存。但与此同时,宋代科技档案的实质内涵并没有摆脱中国古代科学技术体系的窠臼,宋代对于科技的社会评估和科技档案的内容选择依旧从属于传统文化价值观念的实用标准之下。本文通过归纳和总结科技档案在宋代发展变化的本质特征,力图寻求这些特质背后所反映的特定社会秩序和传统文化理念与科学技术和科技档案发展的内在逻辑,试图揭示出中国古代的科技发展为何在十一、十二世纪到达顶峰之后一度陷入停滞状态的原因。

The science and technology archives of the Song Dynasty have two different looks.From the perspective of the external development of science and technology archives,the science and technology archives of the Song Dynasty have reached an obvious peak in the Song Dynasty with the development of science and technology.Not only are the archives of diverse types,strong continuity,and rich content,but they have also been more standardized and standardized in the loose political and cultural environment of the Song Dynasty.But at the same time,the substantive connotation of the scientific and technological archives of the Song Dynasty did not escape from the ancient Chinese scientific and technological system.The social assessment of science and technology and the selection of the contents of scientific and technological archives in the Song Dynasty were still subordinate to the traditional cultural values.By summarizing and summarizing the essential characteristics of the development and changes of science and technology archives in the Song Dynasty,this article attempts to seek the inherent logic of the specific social order and traditional cultural ideas and the development of science and technology and science and technology archives reflected behind these characteristics,and tries to reveal why the development of science and technology in ancient China The reason for a stagnation after reaching its peak in the eleventh and twelfth centuries.