积极老龄化视角下的“医养结合”:理念、逻辑与路径

“Combination of Medical Care and Nursing” From Perspective of Active Aging: Conception, Logic and Path

人口老龄化程度不断加深以及老年失能失智人口比例快速提高,给医疗和养老服务供给带来巨大压力,成为健康和积极老龄化战略的重大挑战。医养服务的分割难以适应现实需求,医养结合成为实现健康老龄化和积极老龄化的必要举措。文献分析发现,美国、英国、日本等国家基于经济、政治和文化因素,以老年人医养服务需求为核心,整合家庭、社区与政府资源,以社区和家庭为主阵地提供相互衔接的高品质医养服务,有效地维护了老年群体的权利与尊严,推动了积极老龄化的实现。基于我国国情和医养结合发展现状,借鉴国际经验,提出"医养结合"发挥协同效应的路径安排,推动老年公共服务供给侧改革。

The deepening of the aging population and the rapid increase of the proportion of the elderly with disability and dementia have brought huge pressure on the supply of medical and pension services, which becomes a major challenge for the healthy and active aging strategy. The division of medical and nursing services is difficult to meet the actual needs. The combination of medical and nursing services has become a necessary measure to achieve healthy aging and active aging. Literature analysis shows that the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan and other countries, based on economic, political and cultural factors, integrate family, community and government resources, and provide high-quality medical services with community and family as the main positions, effectively safeguard the rights and dignity of the elderly, and promote the realization of active aging. Based on China’s national conditions and the current situation of the development of the combination of medical care and nursing, and drawing on international experience, this paper puts forward the path arrangement of "the combination of medical care and nursing" to play a synergistic effect, and promotes the supply side reform of public services for the elderly.