2018年延安市农村妇女宫颈癌相关知识认知调查

Investigation on knowledge cognition of cervical cancer in rural women in Yan′an City

目的为延安市农村妇女宫颈癌的综合防治提供科学依据。方法于2018年1至3月按经济富裕和落后分别随机抽取一个县,其中宜川县随机抽取9个乡镇295名农村妇女,吴起县随机抽取3个乡镇200名农村妇女;自编宫颈癌相关知识认知量表,共33个条目,包括:基本情况、宫颈癌认知、HPV的认知、妇科筛查及认知等,由经过培训的医学专业人员入户一对一进行调查。结果延安市农村妇女对宫颈癌的认知得分较低,对宫颈癌相关认知的知晓率为19.6%~82.4%,对HPV的知晓率为6.1%~32.5%,13%的女性认为妇科检查不重要,14%以上的女性未做过妇科检查,不同经济状况、不同职业、不同文化程度认知率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=7.054、10.797、25.135、39.976、54.849、5.613、15.619、19.997、103.617,均P<0.05)。结论延安市农村女性宫颈癌的认知度很低,健康教育和定期筛查是最有效的措施。

Objective To provide scientific basis for comprehensive prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in rural women in Yan′an City.Methods One couty was selected according to its economic prosperity and backwardness.Among them,295 rural women were randomly selected from 9 township in Yichuan County,and 200 rural women from 3 township in Wuqi County.A total of 33 items including general information,cervical cancer cognition,HPV cognition,gynecological screening and cognition,were self-compiled knowledge cognition scale on cervical cancer.A one-to-one survey was conducted by trained medical professionals.Results The cognition score of them is low.The awareness rate of cervical cancer among rural women in Yan′an is 19.6%~82.4%.The awareness rates of HPV was at the range of 6.1%~32.5%.13%of women believe that gynecological examination is not important,more than 14%of women did not have a gynecological examination.There were different of cognitive rates in different economic conditions,different careers,and different levers of education(checked byχ^2,χ^2=7.054,10.797,25.135,39.976,54.849,5.613,15.619,19.997,103.617,all P<0.05).Conclusion The awareness of cervical cancer among rural women in Yan′an is very low.Health education and regular screening are the most effective measures.