大连碧流河水库及河流典型抗生素污染和分布特征研究

Research on occurrences and distribution characteristics of typical antibiotics in Biliuhe Reservoir and its inflow rivers in Dalian

采用固相萃取和LC-MS/MS方法分析了23种抗生素在碧流河水库及其入库河流水体和沉积物中的污染和分布特征.结果表明,碧流河水库及其入库河流均存在抗生素污染.碧流河水库及其入库河流水体中共检出10种抗生素,检出率1%~22%,平均浓度0.046~6.1 ng·L^-1.依诺沙星、氯霉素、氟苯尼考是水体中的优势污染物.沉积物中共检出9种抗生素,检出率1.5%~32%,平均浓度0.014~7.1 ng·g^-1.磺胺嘧啶、磺胺甲噁唑和林可霉素是沉积物中的优势污染物.与国内外其他饮用水源相比,碧流河水库及其入库河流的抗生素浓度检出水平较低.碧流河、卧龙泉河是碧流河水库抗生素污染的主要来源.抗生素的浓度分布特征与流域人口分布、季节变化呈现相关性.生态风险评价结果显示,依诺沙星处于高风险,是该区域水环境中抗生素生态风险首要来源.

Occurrence and distribution characteristic of 23 antibiotics in water and sediment of Biliuhe Reservoir and its inflow rivers are investigated using solid phase extraction combined with LC-MS/MS. Results indicate that antibiotics are detected in both Biliuhe Reservoir and its inflow rivers. Total 10 antibiotics are observed in water with the detection ratio ranged from 1% to 22%, and the mean concentrations are in the range of 0.046-6.1 ng·L^-1. Enoxacin, chloramphenicol and florfenicol are the dominant pollutants in water. 9 Antibiotics are observed in sediment with the detection ratio in the range of 1.5%-32%, and the mean concentrations are from 0.014 ng·g^-1 to 7.1 ng·g^-1. Sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole and lincomycin are the dominant pollutants in sediment. Comparing with other drinking water sources reported domestic and worldwide, the antibiotic concentrations are relatively low in Biliuhe Reservoir and its inflow rivers. Biliuhe River and Wolongquan River are the major contributors to the antibiotic contamination of Biliuhe Reservoir. The concentration distribution characteristics of antibiotics are correlated with population distribution and seasonal changes in the study area. According to the ecological risk assessment result, the potential risk posed by enoxacin is high which indicates that enoxacin is the primary contributor to ecological risk in water of the study area.