优秀射箭运动员固势阶段动作表面肌电性别特征研究

Study on Emg Characteristics of Elite Archers in Fixation Stage

目的:通过对山西省优秀射箭运动员固势阶段动作表面肌电分析,了解在固势阶段中运动员肌肉用力特征与各部位肌肉的协作关系,为提高男女运动员技术动作稳定性提供相关依据。方法:采用美国产Noraxon表面肌电测试仪和摄像机同步测试手段对射箭时固势阶段动作肌电进行采集,选取肌肉贡献率、积分肌电为研究指标。结果表明:(1)从积分肌电来看,男性运动员拉弓侧肌肉积分肌电值相对较大,在固势技术动作中发力较多,相比之下持弓侧积分肌电值较小。而女性运动员则是拉弓侧肌群发力更大。(2)在贡献率来看,男性运动员两侧三角肌后束、持弓侧斜方肌以及拉弓侧肱桡肌均达到了10%以上,其中持弓侧三角肌更是达到了30%以上,表现出较高的贡献作用;女性运动员除持弓侧斜方肌贡献率低于10%外,其余肌肉均高于10%,说明在固势阶段中,女性运动员需要调动更多的肌群共同参与技术动作的完成。

Objective: to understand the surface emg analysis of fixation phase of elite archers in Shanxi Province The cooperative relationship between the muscle force characteristics and the muscles in different parts provides the basis for improving the stability of the technical movement of male and female athletes.Methods: Synchronous test with Noraxon surface electromyography and camera was conducted to collect the electromyography of archery static phase movement,and the muscle contribution rate and integral electromyography were selected as the research indexes.The results show that :(1) From the perspective of integrated emg,the integrated emg value of the muscles on the bow side of male athletes is relatively large,and they exert more force in the fixation technique,while the integrated emg value of the bow side is relatively small.Female athletes,on the other hand,have more muscle in the lateral arch.(2) Through contribution rate,the posterior band of bilateral deltoid muscle,trapezius muscle of arch holding side and brachioradialis muscle of arch pulling side of male athletes all reached more than10%,among which the deltoid muscle of arch holding side even reached more than 30%,has the higher contribution function.Except that the contribution rate of the trapius muscle of the arch holding side is lower than 10%,the rest muscles are all higher than 10%,this shows that in the fixed stage,female athletes need to mobilize more muscle groups to participate in the completion of technical movements.