仁用杏离体培养技术

In Vitro Culture Technology of Kernel Apricot(Prunus armeniaca L.)

本项目主要研究仁用杏离体培养技术,为仁用杏遗传转化提供良好的再生体系。本试验以仁用杏品种‘围选1号’和‘优一’为试验材料,在仁用杏休眠期对其1年生枝进行短截和长放两种修剪处理。分别于5月、6月、7月、8月、9月上旬采集外植体,研究修剪、外植体采集时期、以及外源激素等因素对仁用杏离体培养的影响。结果表明:5、6月份采集外植体,仁用杏品种‘围选1号’和‘优一’的茎段腋芽的诱导率较高,同时短截处理茎段腋芽的诱导率高于长放处理;8、9月份采集外植体,茎段腋芽的诱导率较低,同时短截处理与长放处理相比较,茎段腋芽的诱导率无明显差异。外源激素6-BA、NAA有利于仁用杏品种‘围选1号’和‘优一’茎段腋芽的诱导、生长与分化。培养基中添加1.0 mg/L 6-BA、0.1 mg/LNAA时,茎段腋芽诱导率最高,组培苗生长最健壮。本研究结果为仁用杏离体培养提供科学数据,进而为仁用杏的基因工程育种提供帮助。

In order to provide a good regeneration system for genetic transformation of kernel apricot,the in vitro culture technology of kernel apricot was studied in this paper.The cultivars'Weixuan No.1'and'Youyi'were selected as the experimental materials,and the one year branches of theirs were pruned by cutting back and no cutting in their dormancy.Explants were collected in May,June,July,August and early September to study the effects of pruning,explant collection period and exogenous hormones on in vitro culture of kernel apricot.The results showed that explants were collected in May and June,and the induction rates of axillary buds of 'Weixuan No.1'and'Youyi'were relatively high.At the same time,the induction rate of cutting back treatment was higher than that of no cutting treatment.In August and September,explants were collected,and the induction rates of axillary buds were relatively low.Meanwhile,there was no significant difference in the induction rate of axillary buds between cutting back treatment and no cutting treatment.Exogenous hormones of 6-BA and NAA were beneficial to the induction,growth and differentiation of axillary buds of 'Weixuan No.1'and'Youyi'.When 1.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.1 mg/L NAA were added to the medium,the induction rate of axillary buds was the highest,and the growth of tissue culture seedlings was the strongest.The results of this study provide a scientific data for in vitro culture of kernel apricot and be helpful for genetic engineering breeding of kernel apricot.