不同干燥方式对山桐子油理化性质、脂肪酸组成及微量营养成分含量的影响

Effects of drying methods on physicochemical properties,fatty acid composition and trace nutrient contents of Idesia polycarpa Maxim. seed oil

通过测定山桐子果含水率、含油率以及山桐子油酸价、过氧化值、皂化值、脂肪酸组成、维生素E、总酚、角鲨烯和β-谷甾醇,研究了阴干、晒干和烘干3种不同干燥方式对山桐子油理化性质、脂肪酸组成和微量营养成分含量的影响,并采用主成分分析综合评价3种油的品质。结果表明:山桐子油酸价和皂化值由高到低的干燥方式依次为阴干>晒干>烘干;山桐子油过氧化值和β-谷甾醇含量由高到低的干燥方式依次为晒干>烘干>阴干;山桐子油角鲨烯含量由高到低的干燥方式依次为烘干>阴干>晒干;VE含量由高到低的干燥方式依次为晒干>烘干≈阴干;总酚含量3种干燥方式没有显著差异。综合比较,晒干得到的山桐子油的理化性质较好,微量营养成分损失最小。

The moisture content and oil content of Idesia polycarpa Maxim. seed and the acid value,peroxide value,saponification value,fatty acid composition,contents of vitamin E,total phenol,squalene and β-sitosterol of Idesia polycarpa Maxim. seed oil were determined to study the effects of different drying methods on the physicochemical properties,fatty acid composition and trace nutrient contents of Idesia polycarpa Maxim. seed oil. In addition,the quality of the oil was evaluated by principal component analysis. The results showed that the acid value and saponification value of Idesia polycarpa Maxim. seed oil decreased in the order of drying in the shade,drying in the sun and drying over heat. The peroxide value and β-sitosterol content from high to low were drying in the sun,drying over heat and drying in the shade,and the squalene content from high to low were drying over heat,drying in the shade and drying in the sun. The VEcontent for drying in the sun was the highest,and the VEcontents for the other two methods were similar. No obvious difference was found for the total phenol of the oils by the three drying methods. In a word,the physicochemical properties of Idesia polycarpa Maxim. seed oil drying in the sun was better than the other two methods,and the loss of nutrient content was the lowest.