句子语序的认知理据研究

The Word Order in Sentences and Its Cognitive Motivation

认知语言学认为语言来自于人对于现实世界的体验认知,并遵从“现实—认知—语言”的发展顺序。认知产生语言,语言反映认知,以认知为理据,与认知同构。句子作为语言中重要的组成部分,其产生来源也是体验认知。句子反映了复杂的认知加工活动。人的生存有序,生存的顺序来自于认知体验,所以语言有序。任何多于两个词的句子都有语序。从本质上来说,句子的语序来自于人的体验认知,并决定于认知者所要表达的意义。

Cognitive linguistics holds the idea that language comes from people’s experience and cognition of the real world,with its process following the order of“reality-cognition-language”.Cognition creates language,so language reflects and has its motivation in cognition and has the same pattern or structure as that of cognition.Sentences,as an important part of language,also originate from experience and cognition.Sentences are the reflection of complex cognitive activities.The survival of human beings needs order,which comes from embodied cognition,so language exhibits order.Word order exists in any sentences composed of over two words.In nature the word order in sentences comes from embodied cognition and is decided by the meaning that the subject of cognition wants to express.