3种铁肥对‘深州蜜桃’缺铁黄叶病的防治效果

Effect of different iron fertilizer on prevention and treatment of iron deficient chlorosis in 'Shenzhou mitao'

研究了黄腐酸铁、EDDHA铁、蓝铁矿等3种铁肥对’深州蜜桃'缺铁黄叶病的预防与治疗效果。结果表明:在预防试验中,施用黄腐酸铁、EDDHA铁、蓝铁矿的桃树,叶片叶绿素SPAD值均比对照提高;在矫治试验1中,施用15 d后SPAD值分别比对照提高了26.5%、29.3%、30.6%;在矫治试验2中,喷施黄腐酸铁结合土施蓝铁矿7 d后,.SPAD值提高了57.2%,喷施EDDHA铁结合蓝铁矿土施7 d后SPAD值提高了62.1%。在预防试验中,黄腐酸铁和EDDHA铁处理果实固酸比比对照分别提高了20.7%、29.2%;在矫治试验1中黄腐酸铁和EDDHA铁处理果实固酸比比对照分别提高了16.8%、33.1%,黄腐酸铁单果重提高4.1%;在矫治试验2中,蓝铁矿与黄腐酸铁相结合的处理固酸比、果实纵横径分别提高了36.49%、10.61%、4.00%。综合比较,在预防和缺铁黄化初期喷施黄腐酸铁最为有效,而缺铁黄化严重时施用蓝铁矿与黄腐酸铁相结合能够快速有效矫治黄叶症状,并提高果实产量和品质。

Study on the preventive and therapeutic effects of three methods of iron fulvic acid, EDDHA-Fe and vivianite on peach of ‘Shenzhou mitao’. The results showed that the chlorophyll(SPAD) values of the three iron fertilizers were increased, respectively. In the treatment test 1, the SPAD values were increased by 26.5%, 29.3%, and 30.6%, respectively. In the treatment test 2, fulvic acid-Fe + vivianite and EDDHA-Fe + vivianite increased the SPAD values by 57.2% and 62.1%. In terms of fruit quality, in the prevention experiment the TSS/Acid of fulvic acid-Fe and EDDHA-Fe treatment increased by 20.7% and 29.2% respectively in the prevention test, respectively, in the correction test 1, the increase was 16.8% and 33.1%. However, the average fruit weight of fulvic acid-Fe increased by 4.1%. In the treatment test 2, the vivianite + Fulvic acid-Fe respectively increased by 36.49%, 10.61%, and 4.00%, in terms of TSS/Acid and horizontal and vertical diameter of peach fruit. According to various conditions, it is the most effective to spray fulvic acid-Fe in the early stage of prevention and iron deficient chlorosis, and the vivianite + fulvic acid-Fe can quickly and effectively correct the symptoms of iron deficient chlorosis and improve the yield and quality of fruit.