何种组织提升农民工就业质量:工会还是自组织?

Which Kind of Organizations can Improve the Quality of Employment of Migrant Workers:Labor Union or Self-organization?

本文基于2014年全国流动人口监测社会融合专题调查,从理论和经验两方面论证工会和自组织对农民工就业质量的影响。研究结果发现,工会和自组织均能显著提升农民工就业质量,且工会作用更为明显;从分指标来看,工会大幅提高农民工的就业稳定性和社会保险享有率,自组织对提高农民工就业稳定性和降低农民工劳动强度具有积极作用,两类组织均加入的农民工在降低劳动强度、提高就业稳定性和社会保险享有率方面具有显著的促进作用。据此,应深化对劳工集体组织的认知,以对转型期农民工组织建设和就业质量提升贡献政策及启示。

Based on the dynamic monitoring of floating in population from National Health and Family Planning Commission in 2014,this paper brings the union organization and the self-organization into a uniform analysis framework,and demonstrates the impact of the two parties on the employment quality of migrant workers from both theoretical and empirical perspectives.The result shows that on the whole,both the union organization and the self-organization can improve the quality of employment of migrant workers,but the union organization plays a much greater role.In terms of the sub-indices of the employment quality,the labor union can greatly improve the employment stability and the social security coverage.The self-organization has a positive effect on improving the employment stability and reducing the labor intensity.Meanwhile,if the migrant workers join both the labor union and the self-organization,it contributes greatly to reducing the labor intensity,improving the employment stability and the participation rate of the social security.This paper deepens the cognition of labor organization and provides policy implications for the construction of migrant workers’organization and the improvement of the employment quality during the transitional period.