女性急诊规培医师职业倦怠及心理状况分析

Analysis on job burnout and psychological status of female standardized training residents in department of emergency

目的研究女性住院医师在急诊科规范化培训(规培)期间职业倦怠及心理健康情况。方法选取2018年12月至2019年10月在西安交通大学第一附属医院急诊科参加住院医师规培的124名女性住院医师为研究对象,采用问卷调查的形式了解其存在的心理问题,问卷内容包括职业倦怠问卷量表(MBI-HSS)及症状自评量表(SCL-90),并对量表结果进行分析。结果①女性规培医师在急诊科期间存在较高的职业倦怠发生率,情感衰竭阳性发生率为40.35%(46/114),去人格化阳性发生率为37.72%(43/114);②女性规培医师心理状况阳性总检出率为41.23%(47/114),SCL-90评分中躯体化、强迫症、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖的因子得分均高于全国常模正常水平,经比较差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.336、2.792、2.574、2.295、2.183,均P <0.05);其余4个因子得分与全国常模相比差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论女性规培医师在急诊科轮转期间存在较为严重的职业倦怠;心理状况评测较全国常模发生率高。在规培管理工作中应给予更多的关注。

Objective To investigate the job burnout and psychological status of female residents during the standardized training in department of emergency. Methods The total 114 female residents during the standardized training from December 2018 to October 2019 in department of emergency of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’ an Jiaotong University were selected as the research objects. Questionnaire survey was used to investigate their psychological problems which included Maslach burnout inventory-human service survey(MBI-HSS) and symptom checklist 90(SCL-90). And then the results of the questionnaire were analyzed. Results ① There was a high incidence of job burnout among female standardized training residents in department of emergency. The positive rate of emotional exhaustion was 40.35%(46/114), and the positive rate of depersonalization was 37.72%(43/114). ② The total positive detection rate of psychological status of female standardized training residents was 41.23%(47/114). The scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety and phobia in SCL-90 were all higher than the normal level of the domestic norm, the difference were statistically significant(t = 2.336, 2.792, 2.574, 2.295 and 2.183, respectively, all P<0.05). There were no significant difference in the scores of the other four factors compared with the domestic norm(all P>0.05). Conclusions During the standardized training in emergency department, female residents have more serious job burnout, and the incidence of psychological status evaluation is higher than that of domestic norm. So more attention should be paid to the management of standardized training for female residents.