成血管-成骨耦联相关因子、细胞在骨中作用机制的研究进展

Research progress in the mechanism of angiogenic-osteogenic coupling-related factors and cells in the bone

血管生成与骨生成是促进骨骼生长发育和维持骨量平衡不可或缺的部分,二者之间的耦联作用贯穿骨发育和重塑的整个过程,在新骨生成、骨折愈合、骨缺损修复以及骨质疏松症防治等方面的机制中扮演重要角色。其中血管内皮细胞和血管内皮生长因子等生物活性成分是成血管-成骨耦联中的关键部分,尤其是近些年特异性H型血管的发现丰富了成血管-成骨耦联内容,加深了对二者耦联作用的了解。血管与骨联系密切而又相互作用,血管对于骨骼的意义不仅体现在为骨生长和修复发挥转输氧气、营养物质、生长因子及代谢废物的作用,更为重要的是分泌因子、信号传递、功能调控等方面,而成骨细胞能够分泌或促进分泌血管内皮生长因子等促血管生成因子,对血管生成具有调节作用。故笔者就成血管-成骨耦联相关因子、细胞及机制在骨中所起的作用进行综述。

Angiogenesis and osteogenesis are essential parts of bone development.The regeneration and angiogenic-osteogenic coupling exist through the whole process of bone formation and remodeling,which play important roles in the mechanisms such as new bone formation,fracture healing,bone defect repair,and osteoporosis.Vascular endothelial cells,vascular endothelial growth factors,and other factors are key parts in angiogenic-osteogenic coupling.Especially in recent years,the discovery of specific H-type blood vessel enriches the content of vascular-osteogenesis coupling and deepens the understanding of the coupling.Blood vessels and bones are closely related and interacted with each other.The significances of blood vessels to bones are not only the transmission of bone-transferring substances,but also the secretion of factors,signal transmission,function regulation,and so on.Bone related cells can secrete or promote the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor and other angiogenic factors,which regulate angiogenesis.Therefore,this present paper summarizes the role of angiogenic-osteogenic coupling-related factors,cells,and their mechanisms in the bone.