实用主义的智慧与团结的诗学

Pragmatic Wisdom and Poetics of Solidarity

理查德·罗蒂作为新实用主义的代表人物,对文学研究中的“理论”“方法”尤其是“体系”疑虑重重。由此,若要谈论“新实用主义文论如何可能”,需开启一种有关理论之智慧的讨论。这一讨论包括敏锐、通达与平衡三个相互关联的向度。而若将罗蒂式新实用主义者的智慧应用于文论研究,则有可能促生一种团结的诗学。团结的诗学不是将同情作为普遍人性看待,而是在具体的“我们”与具体的“他们”的交往中不断扩大同情的范围。对这类活动的重视不仅体现出新实用主义的伦理与政治关切,也体现出新实用主义对文学理论之形态与功能的独到理解。

Richard Rorty,as a representative of the new pragmatism,had a lot of doubts about"theory","method"and especially"system"in literary research.If we want to discuss"how the new pragmatism literary theory is possible",we need to start discussion about the wisdom of theory,which includes three interrelated dimensions:acuteness,prudence,and equilibrium.If the wisdom of Rorty's new pragmatists is applied to the study of literary theory,a poetics of solidarity may be promoted.The poetics of solidarity does not treat compassion as a universal human nature,but rather expands the scope of compassion in the interaction between the concrete"we"and the concrete"they".The emphasis on such activities not only reflects the ethical and political concerns of the new pragmatism,but also reflects the new pragmatism's unique understanding of the form and function of literary theory.