后人类语境中智能机器人的生活世界问题——兼以科幻作品《两百岁变成人》为例

The Issue of Life World of Intelligent Robot in the Context of Posthuman:Based on the Analysis of The Bicentennial Man

后人类思潮的勃兴与科幻表征密切相关。对具身人工智能及其生活世界的科幻叙事和影像表征,在很大程度上驱使后人类以“本体”替代“过程”悖论式地出场,并逐渐形成了复合的技术-文化-社会语境。在后人类语境中审视人工智能和机器人问题,“智能-机器-人”这样的概念组合,能够更好地阐释科技之社会症候。应该首先从“生活世界”的基础视域出发考察人工智能的问题。生活世界作为人类生命、生活、生产活动的空间,其在文化表征中的错位式赋予与想象性建构,是人们对智能机器人认知偏差与情感误动的根源之一。科幻作品《两百岁变成人》即是智能机器人拥有生活世界而变成人的典型文化表征,而其中的人类中心主义立场,也是后人类的悖论所在。

The rise of posthuman is closely related to the Science Fiction. To a great extent, the paradoxical posthuman which presented by replacing ′process′ with ′ontology′ is drived by the Science Fiction narration and image representation of embodied artificial intelligence and its life world, and has gradually formed a compound context of technology-culture-society. Therefore, the combined concept of the ′Intelligent Robots′ can better explain the social symptoms of science and technology in this context by examining the issues of artificial intelligence and robots. The issues of artificial intelligence and robots should be studied from the basic perspective of ′life world′. As a foundation category of human life, the misplacement and imaginative construction of life world in cultural representation is one of the important causes of cognitive bias and emotional misoperation of the intelligent robots. The Bicentennial Man is a typical cultural representation of this, and the anthropocentrism position of this work is the paradoxical representation of the posthuman itself.