话语中权势研究的特征、趋势和建议

Characteristics, Trends and Suggestions in Studies on Power in Discourse

本文对话语中的权势研究进行系统梳理之后发现,权势具有多重属性,但对其理解仍可深入;权势研究覆盖多种语境类型,但仍需拓展;权势建构策略多集中在语言形式、语用行为以及会话结构等层面;研究视角呈现跨学科趋势,研究路径及方法以话语分析和会话分析为主。基于这些特征及趋势,本文为以后权势研究提出了具体建议,如加强对权势建构动态性及语用动因的探讨,强化书面语篇和虚拟空间言语交际中的权势建构研究,关注话语内容及副语言信息等层面的建构策略,采取多种方法混合的研究路径、加强分析中语料或研究数据的多样化及其互补等。

This paper conducts a systematic review of the previous studies on power in discourse and finds that power possesses multiple features and the understanding of its nature can still be enhanced;the power research covers several types of contexts and new ones need to be included;the discursive strategies for power construction mainly focus on the levels of linguistic forms,pragmatic acts and conversational structures;the perspectives on power study have an interdisciplinary tendency;and the approaches and methods adopted are mainly discourse analysis and conversation analysis. Based on these characteristics and trends of the existing studies, this paper provides some specific suggestions for the future research, for instance, to further explore dynamics of power, pragmatic motivation of power construction, power in written discourse and virtual space communication, discursive strategies concerning discourse contents and paralinguistic information, and to adopt mixed methods and use multiple and complementary data in analysis.