从通用化走向专门化:反思中国司法人工智能的运用

From Generalization to Specialization:Reflection on the Application of Judicial Artificial Intelligence in China

随着人工智能技术在司法领域的应用,相关研究的热度持续高涨,但仍需要探讨的是人工智能在司法实践中运用的实际情况:包括何种人工智能发挥了作用、作用何在以及为何会在有些方面产生效果而其它方面又效果不彰。总体而言,人工智能在中国司法实践中取得了一定的成效,主要体现在警务活动与司法辅助性活动中,但仍难称理想。小范围的成功是源于成熟通用人工智能技术的普适性适用,而大部分司法人工智能产品难以发挥作用是由于未结合专门司法需求展开,所投入的资金与人才资源远远不足。未来应当降低对于司法人工智能的盲目期待,将研发重心从通用领域转向司法专用领域,转变司法人工智能的投入模式,大力培养既懂法律又懂技术的专门化、复合型人才。

With the application of artificial intelligence technology in the judicial field,the heat of relevant research continues to rise.However,it is still necessary to explore the actual situation of the application of artificial intelligence in the judicial practice,which include what kind of role the artificial intelligence plays,and why it can produce effect in some aspects while other aspects cannot.Generally speaking,artificial intelligence has made some achievements in China’s judicial practice,which mainly reflected in police activities and judicial auxiliary activities,but the actual effect is still limited.The small-scale success is due to the universal application of mature general artificial intelligence technology,while most judicial artificial intelligence products are difficult to play a role because they are not developed in combination with special judicial needs.Besides,the investment in funds and human resources is far from enough.In the future,we should reduce the blind expectation of judicial artificial intelligence,and shift the focus of research from the general field to the judicial special field.In addition,we should also change the investment mode of judicial artificial intelligence,and compound talents who understand both law and technology.