慕课背景下日本教学性权利限制制度的改革及启示

On the Reform of Japanese Copyright Limitation for the Purpose of Teaching Against the Background of MOOCs and the Enlightenment

为适应慕课这一新型信息化教育生态与学习模式,《日本著作权法》在最新修法中对教学性权利限制制度进行大幅度改革。在保留现有教学性使用情形继续免费前提下,将慕课类教学性公共传输纳入权利限制范畴,引入一站式补偿金支付机制,且允许教育机构采取先用后补的补偿金支付方式使用著作权人身份不明的作品。日本教学性权利限制制度的改革举措对我国具有借鉴意义。为营造中国慕课发展良好法制环境,我国《著作权法》第三次修改应主动回应慕课等信息化教育对作品使用的新需求,调整教学性权利限制规定,包括在教科书法定许可之外增加慕课等教学性公共传输法定许可、设立一站式补偿金支付机制简化备案付酬流程、允许教育机构等公共团体对著作权人身份不明的作品采取先用后补的补偿金支付方式,在促进作品利用便利化的同时,兼顾保障著作权人合理利益的分配。

To adapt to the new info-tech educational ecology and the learning model of MOOCs,the Japanese Copyright Law has recently substantially reformed the copyright limitation system for the purpose of teaching.While keeping the current free-based teaching use,the revised law places the public transmission of works for teaching use into the scope of copyright limitation,introduces one stop compensation payment mechanism,and allows educational institutions to pay after using works with undefined authors.The Japanese reform in this regard is enlightening to China.To create a benign legal environment for Chinese MOOCs,the3 rd revision of Chinese Copyright Law should take initiative in responding the new requirement of using works by info-tech education bodies such as MOOCs.China should readjust the stipulations on copyright limitation for the purpose of teaching,for example,give statutory license,apart from the current stipulations,also to public transmission of works used for MOOCs-like teaching purpose;establish one stop compensation payment mechanism to simplify the filing and payment process;allow public bodies including educational institutions to pay after using the works with undefined authors;while facilitating the convenience in using works,copyright owner’s reasonable benefit distribution should also be guaranteed.