二孩背景下孕妇妊娠晚期抑郁及相关因素分析

Antenatal depression and correlative factors in the third trimester of pregnant women under the background of second child policy

目的探讨一胎及二胎孕妇妊娠晚期抑郁状况及相关因素,特别关注抑郁与家庭功能的关系。方法采用便利抽样的方法于2018年12月至2019年8月北京协和医院产科门诊收集孕28周以上孕妇共603例。使用一般资料问卷、家庭功能量表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表进行测评,SPSS 25.0软件进行多元线性回归分析。结果孕妇妊娠晚期有28.50%存在抑郁状态。一胎及二胎孕妇抑郁状态比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。一胎孕妇妊娠晚期抑郁与家庭角色、情感介入、行为控制密切相关,而二胎孕妇妊娠晚期抑郁与家庭总的功能密切相关。结论近1/3的孕妇妊娠晚期存在抑郁,且与胎次无关。孕妇文化程度高、伴随躯体疾病数量少、家庭功能好时,抑郁量表得分更低。一胎与二胎孕妇抑郁影响因素差异较大,应给予差别对待。

Objective To explore antenatal depression and correlative factors of pregnant women under the background of second child policy.Methods A total of 603 pregnant women over 28 weeks of pregnancy were collected in the obstetrics clinic of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from December 2018 to August 2019 using the convenient sampling method.General data questionnaire, family function scale, Edinburgh postpartum depression scale were used for evaluation, and SPSS 25.0 software was used for multiple linear regression analysis.Results 28.52 % of the pregnant women were experiencing depression in the third trimester.There was no significant difference in the depression status of the first time-and second time-pregnancy(P> 0.05).First-time pregnant women’s depression score was closely related to family roles, affective involvement and behavior control, while second-time pregnant women’s score was related to family general functioning.Conclusion Almost one third of pregnant women have depression in the third trimester of pregnancy, and it has nothing to do with parity.With higher education, fewer physical diseases, and better family function,the depression scale score was lower.There is a large difference in the depressive factors of the first and second time pregnant women, and they should be treated differently.