河南产白蒿精油的化学成分分析及抑菌活性研究

Study on Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Herba artimisiae sieversianae from Henan Province in China

为寻找新型、有效、安全的抗菌药物,采用水蒸气蒸馏法从中国河南产白蒿植物中提取精油,采用红外光谱和气相色谱-质谱联用技术对精油成分进行分析。结果表明,共鉴定出26种成分,占精油总含量的85.05%。主要成分有氧化石竹烯(15.24%)、镰叶芹醇(14.34%)、大根香叶三烯-1-醇(8.90%)、桉油烯醇(6.61%)、棕榈酸(5.72%)、α-毕橙茄醇(5.19%)等。采用滤纸片法对白蒿精油的抑菌活性进行测定,平板涂布法测定其最低抑菌浓度。该精油对4种受试细菌的抗性差异显著,其中对枯草芽孢杆菌抑制活性最强,而对蜡样芽孢杆菌的抑制活性较弱。精油对枯草芽孢杆菌、四联球菌、大肠杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌的最低抑制浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)分别为2.5、5、5、10μL/mL。因此,白蒿精油可作为一种潜在的天然抗菌剂。

In order to search for new,effective and safe antibacterial drugs,the essential oil of Herba artimisiae sieversianae from Henan Province in China was extracted by steam distillation method and its chemical composition was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and gas chromato graphy-mass spectrometry techniques. The results showed that 26 compounds which accounted to 85.05 % of the total oil had been identified. The main components of them were caryophyllene oxide(15.24 %),(+)-falcarinol(14.34 %),(1 R,7 S,E)-7-lsopropyl-4,10-dimethy lenecyclodec-5-enol(8.90 %),(-)-spathulenol(6.61 %),n-hexadecanoic acid(5.72 %),α-cadinol(5.19 %). The antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of essential oil from Herba artimisiae sieversianae were determined by filter Paper disk disffusion and spread-plate assay method. Results showed that the antimicrobial activitity of the essential oil against four tested microbes was different. The essential oil showed strong antimicrobial effect against Bacillus subtilis while weak effect against Bacillus cereus. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MICs) of the essential oil of Herba artimisiae sieversianae against Bacillus subtilis,Micrococcus tetragenus,Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus were respectively 2.5,5,5 μL/mL and 10 μL/mL. Therefore,the essential oil of Herba artimisiae sieversianae could be used as a potential natural antimicrobial agent.