兰州市售葡萄中农药残留水平分析及风险评估

Pesticide Residue Level and Risk Assessment in Grapes Sale in Lanzhou City

[目的]明确兰州市售葡萄中农药残留状况,并对39种农药的检出情况和农药累积暴露风险进行评估。[方法]2018年采集葡萄共计154份样品,采用气相色谱串联质谱法和液相色谱串联质谱法分析测定了39种农药残留量,其中植物生长调节剂18种,通过对葡萄摄入农药产生的急性和慢性累积风险进行评估,利用慢性膳食摄入风险(%ADI)和急性膳食摄入风险(%ARfD)评估急慢性膳食摄入风险。[结果]共检出20种农药残留品种,分别为6种植物生长调节剂、2种内源性植物生长调节剂、7种杀虫剂、4种杀菌剂、1种除草剂。其中,%ADI为6.57×10-6%~2.39%,均值为1.20%,%ARfD为0.00016%~35.64%,均值为13.77%。[结论]葡萄中农药的急性膳食摄入风险总体较低,风险可控,但由于农药检出率较高,应持续保持对样品的监控,并考虑制定相应的最大残留限量值。

[Objective]To determine the pesticide residue status of grapes sale in Lanzhou City,and to evaluate the detection of 39 pesticides and the cumulative exposure risk of pesticides.[Method]A total of 154 samples of grapes were collected in 2018.39 pesticides residues were determined by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,among which 18 were plant growth regulators.The acute and chronic cumulative risk of pesticide intake was evaluated.Use the risk of chronic dietary intake(%ADI)and the risk of acute dietary intake(%ARfD)to assess acute and chronic dietary intake risks.[Result]A total of 20 pesticide residues were detected,including 6 kinds of plant growth regulators,2 kinds of plant endogenous hormones,7 kinds of insecticides,4 kinds of fungicides and 1 herbicides.Among them,%ADI was 6.57×10-6%~2.39%,the average value was 1.20%,and%ARfD was 0.00016%~35.64%,the average value was 13.77%.[Conclusion]The risk of acute dietary intake of pesticides in grapes is generally low and the risk is controllable.However,due to the high detection rate of pesticides,the monitoring of samples should be continued and the corresponding maximum residue limits should be considered.