疑似有毒饮料的应急检测

Emergency detection of suspected toxic beverage

目的对疑似有毒饮料样品进行消毒剂有效化学成分排查后,进行应急毒性检测和评价。方法采用啮齿类动物小鼠急性经口毒性试验、秀丽隐杆线虫急性毒性试验、细胞毒性试验(中性红法)对受试样品进行毒性检测评价,采用化学成分定性排查方法对受试样品进行消毒剂有效化学成分排查。结果疑似有毒饮料样品小鼠急性经口毒性试验,经口灌胃给予40 ml/kg BW后受试动物均出现不同程度的中毒表现,3 d内2/5的小鼠出现死亡;秀丽隐杆线虫毒性试验,在0 mg/ml、1.00 mg/ml、2.15 mg/ml、4.64 mg/ml、10.00 mg/ml浓度下染毒24 h后,线虫出现死亡,LC50为3.4 mg/ml,具有毒性;受试物的CHL哺乳动物细胞毒性试验结果为3级,为中度毒性;化学成分定性排查显示疑似有毒饮料中含次氯酸钠。结论疑似有毒饮料样品的急性毒性检测结果显示受试小鼠出现不同程度的中毒表现及死亡;秀丽隐杆线虫毒性试验结果为有线虫毒性;CHL细胞毒试验结果为有细胞毒性。通过对疑似有毒饮料样品的一般性状及消毒剂有效化学成分排查,明确了疑似有毒饮料样品中含次氯酸钠,由于84消毒液等消毒剂的有效成分是次氯酸钠,故初步判断样品中可能混有84消毒液或次氯酸钠化学试剂。

Objective To detect and evaluate the acute toxicity of beverage sample after the investigation of effective chemical composition of disinfectants.Methods Acute oral toxicity test on rodent mice,acute toxicity test on C.elegans,cytotoxicity test(neutral red method)were applied to test and evaluate the toxicity of the sample.Qualitative investigation of chemical composition was used to investigate the effective chemical constituents of disinfectants.Results Exposed to 40 ml/kg·BW suspected toxic sample,all of mice appeared toxic signs.A quarter of the mice died within 3 d;after 24 h treatment of0 mg/ml,1.00 mg/ml,2.15 mg/ml,4.64 mg/ml,10.00 mg/ml sample,the C.elegans appeared death and the LC50 was toxic(3.4 mg/ml);CHL cytotoxicity test of the sample showed that the results of mammalian cytotoxicity test were grade 3,moderate toxicity;chemical composition qualitative investigation showed that the suspected toxic sample contained sodium hypochlorite.Conclusion The results of acute toxicity test showed that exposed to the suspected toxic beverage sample,the mice appeared toxic signs and death;the results of toxicity test for C.elegans were toxicity;the results of CHL cytotoxicity test showed cytotoxicity.It showed that sodium hypochlorite existed in the suspected toxic beverage sample through the investigation of general character and effective disinfectant chemical composition.The effective component of the 84 disinfectant is sodium hypochlorite.It is preliminarily judged that the sample was mixed with 84 disinfectant or sodium hypochlorite chemical reagent.