《史记》人物独白与特殊话语

The Monologue and the Special Discourse of the Characters in Historical Records

司马迁继承了先秦史书重视记述人物语言的传统,在《史记》里大量记述人物各种各样的语言,特别是传主出场的独白,以及受到迫害人物临终的喟叹;还有对记述无多的人物的"一次性对话"。这些话语除了刻画人物性格以外,对于提示全文中心,首尾呼应,或者回光返照,拨去历史结论的疑云,都具有重要作用。

Sima Qian inherited the tradition of pre-Qin history books to attach importance to the narrative of human language, in Historical Records, there are a large number of characters in a variety of languages, especially the monologue at the first presence, the persecuted persons’ comments when dying and "one-time dialogue" for the figures with less narrations. It is significant to depict the characters, focus on the theme, echo from beginning to end and unveil some unsolved mysteries about the previous historical conclusions.