WT1基因与急性髓系白血病的预后及主动特异性免疫治疗的研究进展

Advances on prognosis and active specific immunotherapy of WT1 gene in acute myeloid leukemia

WT1基因位于人类染色体11p13,在80%的急性髓系白血病(acute myeloid leukemia,AML)患者中高表达,是AML预后不良的分子标志,可作为AML预后评估和微小残留病变(minimal residual disease,MRD)监测的有效指标。由于WT1在AML中均有异常高表达,故认为是一种AML抗原,可作为特异性免疫治疗的新靶点。一些小规模的临床试验证实以WT1为靶点的免疫治疗是有效的、安全的,这些免疫治疗可作为那些有高危复发风险及初始标准化疗失败的AML患者的辅助治疗。本文就近几年WT1与AML的预后及有关以WT1为靶点的主动特异性免疫治疗的研究进展予以综述。

WT1 gene(Wilms’ tumor gene,WT1) is located on human chromosome 11 p13 and overexpressed in 80% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML).WT1 is a molecular marker of AML with poor prognosis,can be used as an effective index of prognosis evaluation and minimal residual disease(MRD) monitoring for AML patients.Because WT1 is highly expressed in AML,it is considered to be a kind of AML antigen,which can be used as a new target for specific immunotherapy.Some small clinical trials have been conducted which support the safety and efficacy of immunotherapy with WT1 as targe in AML.The immunotherapy has potential in terms of its application as an adjuvant therapy for patients with AML who are at high risk of relapse or who have detectable MRD after initial standard therapy.This article reviews the prognosis and research progress of active specific immunotherapy with WT1 as target in AML in recent years.