南京城市中心区生态需水量探析

Research on Ecological Water Demand in Urban Central Area of Nanjing

为了解南京城市中心区河流生态系统现状,以浦口区为研究对象开展生态需水量研究,建立了降雨产汇流模型和一维水环境数学模型,根据实测数据对模型进行参数率定,最终确定合理的参数。结合降雨产汇流模型,利用Tennant法计算得到研究区域维持河道健康生境的环境生态需水量(QR)为0.63亿m^3;根据区域一维水环境数学模型,利用试算法计算得到维持水体稀释自净能力的需水量(QH)为5.75亿m^3;利用单位面积蒸发量法计算得到维持水面蒸发的生态需水量(QE)为0.11亿m^3。计算得到区域生态需水总量为5.86亿m^3,远超过地区地表水资源总量,并提出了相应的解决途径。

To understand the current situation of river ecosystem in the urban center of Nanjing hilly area,two mathematical models of water environment,rainfall runoff-conflux model and one-dimensional water environment mathematical model,were established separately for studying ecological water demand based on Pukou District.Based on the measured data,the parameters of the model were calibrated and reasonable parameters were set.The ecological water requirement of maintaining healthy habitats(QR)in study region was 63 million cubic meters,which was calculated by the Tennant method combined with the rainfall runoff and confluence model.According to onedimensional water environment mathematical model,the water requirement for maintaining the water dilution and self purification capacity(QH)was 575 million cubic meters by the trial calculation method.The ecological water requirement of maintaining water surface evaporation(QE)was 11 million cubic meters by per unit area evaporation method.Thus,the total amount of regional ecological water demand was 586 million cubic meters,which was far more than the total surface water resources of the area.The corresponding solutions were put forward at the same time.