知识的分布式特性及对教育改革的影响

Distributed Characteristics of Knowledge and Their Influence on Educational Reform

知识经济与互联网背景下,知识以片段的形式跨空间、跨组织分布,分散地为不同的个体所占有,表现为分布式特性。知识的分布式特性对教育活动带来了革命性的影响,导致学习资源的泛中心性、学习活动的自主性、知识建构的情境性和学习方式的多元性。适应知识的分布式特性,要求教学活动变革应以学生的知识、能力、素质全面发展为目标,强化学习者的主体地位,构建分布式学习共同体、应用信息化学习工具、倡导高阶交互式学习、及时转变学习评价方式等,促进学习者对知识的获取与整合应用。

In the context of knowledge-based economy and Internet,knowledge,crossing space and organizations,is segmentally distributed and dispersedly possessed by different individuals.The distributed characteristics of knowledge bring revolutionary impact on educational activities,resulting in a reform orientation featured by non-centralized learning resources,self-directed learning activities,situational knowledge construction and pluralistic learning methods.Under the influence of distributed characteristics of knowledge,it is necessary to deeply design and promote the reform of teaching activities targeted on the comprehensive development of the students’knowledge,ability and quality,to strengthen the dominant role of the learners and to take measures such as constructing a distributed learning-community,applying informationalized learning tools,advocating advanced interactive learning and changing the way of learning evaluation,in order to promote the students’acquisition,integration and application of knowledge.