超声速弹丸着靶时刻声学测试方法

A Calculation Method for Projectile Arriving Time Based on Gauss-Newton Method

针对超声速弹丸终点弹道着靶时刻测试问题,研究了声学传感器测试机理,建立了声波延迟触发模型,开发了一套着靶时刻测试系统;采用传感器阵列采集超声速弹丸激波到达不同传感器的时间差,建立了测量超声速弹丸着靶时刻的数学模型,该模型包含了传感器坐标、时间差和弹丸着靶时刻;针对直线形传声器布阵,基于高斯-牛顿法对定位模型进行解算,分析了高斯-牛顿法的迭代公式、收敛性和适定性等;通过计算机仿真分析了误差大小和传感器数目对误差的影响;通过模拟试验数据计算表明,声学测试结果与实际结果一致,测试精度优于0.8ms;该方法应用在某型高炮试验任务中,成功测试了弹丸着靶时刻。

For testing the hitting time of supersonic projectile,the sensor array is uesd to collect the time difference of its shock wave reaching different sensors,and the mathematical model for measuring the hitting time is established.The iterative formulation,convergence and well-posedness of the Gauss-Newton method was analyzed for linear microphone array.The calculation results are consistent with experimental results,which proves the correctness of the method.The influence of sensor numbers on the error was analyzed by numerical simulation.The simulation results show that:1)When the position error of the sensor is 1 mm and when the time error is 5μs,the arriving time error is less than 0.8 ms;2)The sensor number has small effect on the arriving time error.