慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者家庭照顾者负担水平及影响因素的调查研究

The level of care burden and the factors contributing to the care burden on family caregivers of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的调查慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者家庭照顾者的照顾负担并分析其影响因素。方法选取COPD患者的家庭照顾者85例为研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷、Zarit照顾负担量表(ZBI)、COPD患者症状评估测试问卷(CAT)对纳入的COPD患者及其照顾者进行调查,采用t检验或方差分析对ZBI得分的影响因素进行单因素分析,采用Logistic回归分析对照顾者负担水平加重的影响因素进行多因素分析。结果85例COPD患者家庭照顾者的ZBI总负担得分为37.89±13.21分,照顾负担呈中等水平;单因素分析显示患者疾病的严重程度、患者的CAT问卷评分和照顾者的日均照顾时间延长为照顾者负担水平的影响因素;Logistic回归分析结果显示患者疾病严重程度加重(OR=2.377)、患者CAT问卷得分增高(OR=3.193)、日均照顾时间延长(OR=5.195)均为照顾者负担水平加重的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论COPD患者照顾负担呈中等水平,应重视对患者疾病症状的管理、加强对照顾者的家庭社会支持,以减轻COPD患者家庭照顾者的照顾负担。

Objective To find out the care burden level and the factors that contribute to the burden on the family caregivers of patients suffering chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods Firstly,85 family caregivers of COPD patients for treatment were chosen as the subjects of study.Secondly,the patients as well as the family caregivers were subjected to a survey by means of a set of instruments including general information questionnaire,Zarit Burden Interview(ZBI),and COPD symptom assessment test(CAT).Lastly,the factors that affect the ZBI score were examined by t test or ANOVA and logistic regression analysis was used to examine the factors that engender aggravation in the care burden of the family caregivers.Results The total ZBI score of the caregivers of the 85 COPD patients was 37.89±13.21,which suggested that the burden was average.Univariate analysis showed that the severity of disease,the CAT total score of the patients,and increase in the time for care work were the factors that contribute to level of burden on the caregivers.Logistic regression analysis showed that aggravation in the severity of disease(OR=2.377),increase in the CAT total score(OR=3.193)and increase in the average daily care time(OR=5.195)were the factors that engender aggravation in the care burden on the caregivers(P<0.05).Conclusions The care burden undertaken by the family caregivers can be described as considerably average.While more attention should be paid to COPD symptoms more family and social support should be mobilized so as to reduce the care burden placed on the shoulders of family caregivers.