云南药用野生稻幼穗离体培养研究

Study on in Vitro Culture of Young Shoots of Oryza officinalis Wall. in Yunnan

药用野生稻由于结实率低、落粒性强,难以利用种子保存繁殖。为了进一步在育种中有效地利用药用野生稻抗虫、抗病、抗旱、分蘖力强等优良特性,本研究利用药用野生稻幼穗,通过离体培养方法获得植株再生苗。实验设计了10种不同生长调节剂浓度的愈伤诱导培养基,筛选出N6+2,4-D 2.0 mg/L+植物凝胶2.8 g/L+蔗糖30 g/L、pH值5.8是最适合愈伤诱导的培养基;设计了10种分化培养基,筛选出N6+6-BA 0.3 mg/L+NAA 0.3 mg/L+ZT 2.0mg/L+KT 3.0 mg/L+植物凝胶2.8 g/L+蔗糖30.0 g/L、pH值5.8最适合作分化的培养基。设计了10种生根培养基,1/2N6+NAA 0.2 mg/L+植物凝胶2.8 g/L+蔗糖15.0 g/L、pH值5.8最适合作生根培养基。研究发现用4℃低温对幼穗前处理,然后使用强弱光照交替进行预培养后再进行愈伤诱导,可获得较高的愈伤诱导率。

Because of its low seed setting rate and strong granulation, it is difficult to use seeds to preserve and reproduce Oryza offcinalis. To effectively utilize its qualified characteristics of Oryza offcinalis in further rice breeding, the tissue culture and rapid propagation system of Oryza offcinalis was established by using the panicle as explants. The effects of various plant grouth regulators combinations on callus induction, differentiation and rooting were studied. The results showed that the optimal medium for induction of panicles of Oryza offcinalis was N6+2.0 mg/L 2,4-D + 2.8 g/L plant gel + 30.0 g/L sucrose. The optimal differentiation medium was N6 +0.3 mg/L 6-BA + 0.3 mg/L NAA + 2.0 mg/L ZT + 3.0 mg/L KT + 2.8 g/L plant gel + 30.0 g/L sucrose, and the best rooting medium was 1/2 N6 + 0.2 mg/L NAA + 2.8 g/L plant gel + 15.0 g/L g sucrose, the most suitable pH was 5.8. The results also revealed that higher callus induction rate was obtained when young panicles were pretreated at 4℃ and then precultured by alternating light and dark.