恩格斯的城市住房治理思想及其时代意义——《论住宅问题》品读

Friedrich Engels’Thoughts on Urban Housing Governance and its Age Significance:an Interpretation of On Housing Problem

恩格斯的《论住宅问题》一文,从生产方式出发,围绕资本主义城市化进程中住房问题的表现形式、社会危害及其成因与解决办法作出了科学的阐释,依据居住属性是住房的根本属性这一唯物主义视点对资本主义城市住房优先追求商品属性的价值扭曲行为展开了批判,推动形成了马克思主义的城市住房治理思想,是从马克思主义立场分析资本主义城市住房问题的一篇光辉文献。该文虽然形成于19世纪,但于21世纪资本主义与社会主义共存的时代其理论效力仍然在场,对于我们批判审视资本主义城市住房质量的改善、理性看待苏联城市住房治理实践以及科学把握新中国70年来城市住房治理实践依然具有跨越时空的理论启示。

Engels’s article on Housing Problem is a brilliant document to analyze the capitalist urban housing problem from the Marxist standpoint.Based on mode of production,this article systematically explains the manifestation,social harm,causes and solutions of the housing problem in the process of capitalist urbanization,and scientifically criticizes the value-distorting behavior of capitalist urban housing in pursuit of commodity property.Although this article was formed in the 19th century,its theoretical effect is still present in the era of coexistence of capitalism and socialism in the 21st century.It still has theoretical enlightenment across time and space for us to critically examine the improvement of the quality of capitalist urban housing,rationally look at the practice of urban housing governance in the Soviet Union and scientifically grasp the practice of urban housing governance in the 70 years of new China.