海底多金属结核理化特性分析

Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Ocean Polymetallic Nodules

对海底多金属结核矿合同区样品进行了物理化学性质分析,掌握其基本的物理化学特性。结果表明,本研究结核形状多样,粒径在1~100mm,-50mm占90%,绝大部分集中在10~50mm;主要金属Mn、Fe、Ni、Co、Cu含量分别为23.84%、5.80%、1.04%、0.17%、0.87%,其他成分中硅和铝含量较高,总含水量22%,含水率高;平均堆密度1.04g/cm^3,平均真密度3.25g/cm^3;结晶程度相对较好,绝大部分锰呈10水锰矿存在,少量岩屑矿物为石英及长石。添加适量的CaF2对于降低样品熔融点温度效果明显,可以使相变向低温方向移动。经还原焙烧-湿式磁选处理工艺,很好地实现了锰和镍钴铜铁选择性还原分离富集。

Physical and chemical properties of ocean polymetallic nodules from contract area were analyzed to understand its basic features.The results indicate that ocean polymetallic nodules have various external structures with particle size of between 1-100 mm,90% of which are smaller than 50 mm,and most of them are concentrated between 10-50 mm.Content of Mn,Fe,Ni,Co and Cu is 23.84%,5.80%,1.04%,0.17% and 0.87% respectively.Content of silicon and aluminum is relatively high,and moisture content is as high as 22%.Average bulk specific gravity is 1.04 g/cm^3 and average true specific gravity is 3.25 g/cm^3.Crystallization degree is relatively good.Most manganese occurrence is in form of 10aqueous manganese ore,and a small amount of lithic minerals are quartz and feldspar.Addition of CaF2 has obvious effects on reducing melting point temperature of sample,making phase transition move towards low temperature direction.Selective reduction separation and enrichment of nickel,cobalt,copper,iron and manganese are well realized by reduction roasting-wet magnetic separation process.