社会变革与乡村教师发展:基于杜威流派的视角

Social Change and Rural Teacher Development from the Perspective of the Dewey School

杜威的若干思想为发展乡村教师、改良社会提供了有益的视角,理解其关于教师发展的思想,必须超越单纯的技术论。在杜威的社会改良思想中,教师应促进适当的社会生活的形成,教师的培养应以中小学为中心,中小学是检验和证明教育原则的实验室。这一思想经陶行知的发展,成为中国乡土社会培养具有“农夫的身手、科学的头脑和改造社会的精神”的教师之有力途径,并进一步在美国服务学习中实现未来教师课程学习与国民责任的统一。鉴于此,需以科学精神与科学方法培养具有探究品质的乡村教师,这蕴含着发展乡村师资、改进乡土社会的承诺。

Some of Dewey’s thoughts provide a useful perspective for the development of rural teachers and the improvement of society.To understand his thoughts on teacher development,it is necessary to go beyond the pure technical theory.In Dewey’s thoughts of social reform,teachers should promote the formation of proper social life,and the cultivation of teachers should be centered on primary and secondary schools,which are laboratories to test and prove educational principles.This idea has been developed by Tao Xingzhi,and has become a powerful way to cultivate teachers with“farmers’skills,scientific minds,and the spirit of reforming society”in China’s rural society,and further realize the unification of future teachers’curriculum learning and national responsibility in the service learning in the United States.In view of this,the scientific spirit and scientific method should be used to cultivate rural teachers with an inquiry quality,which contains the commitment to develop the rural teachers and improve the rural society.