高中英语教师课堂指令语形式与功能类型探析

An Analysis of the Types of the Forms and Functions of the Senior High School English Teachers’ Classroom Directives

课堂指令语作为教师实现教学目的和组织课堂教学活动的重要手段,既可以用来指导学生的学习行为,也可以用来解释与课堂活动相关的内容和程序。课堂指令语与教师的课堂教学效果和学生的学习效果密切相关。本文以第十届高中英语课堂教学观摩培训活动中3位教师共计3节课的课堂指令语为研究对象,通过课堂观察和记录,将课堂实录视频整理成文字材料并作为语料。研究者采用个案研究法,提炼高中英语教师课堂指令语形式的类型及指令语功能的类型。针对该研究中高中英语教师课堂指令语的形式与功能的使用现状,研究者提出教师应注重课堂指令语的简洁,提高学生自主学习的能力;重视课堂指令语的多样性,激发学生的学习兴趣;尊重学生的独立人格,建立真诚的师生关系,以期为高中英语教师更好地理解和使用课堂指令语提供参考。

As an important tool for teachers to implement teaching objectives and organize classroom teaching activities, not only can classroom directives be used to direct students’ learning behaviors, but they can be used to explain the contents and procedures related to the classroom teaching activities. Classroom directives are closely related to the effects of teacher’s classroom teaching and students’ learning. The subjects of this research are three excellent classes’ classroom discourse of three English teachers in senior high schools from the 10th senior high school English class competition. By classroom observing and recording, the researcher takes the words material which are transferred from the real classroom videos as the language material of this study. And by using the case study method, the researcher tries to obtain the types of the direct and indirect forms and functions of the classroom directives of the excellent senior high school English classes. Considering the current situation of senior high school English teachers using classroom directives in this research, and in order to provide a reference for the senior high school English teachers to understand and use classroom directives better, the researchers propose that teachers should pay attention to the brevity of classroom directives and enhance students’ independent learning ability. What’s more, they should focus on the variety of classroom directives to motivate students’ interest in learning, and respect students’ different personality to build sincere relation between teachers and students.