不同秸秆处理方式下春玉米N、P、有机质动态变化规律研究

Study on dynamics of N,P and organic matter in spring maize under different straw treatments

为确定不同秸秆还田方式对土壤N、P及有机质的影响,试验设置了长秸秆还田(处理一)、粉碎秸秆还田加土壤改良剂(处理二)及对照(处理三)的3种方式。试验结果表明:0~20cm土层的全氮、有效磷含量要比20~50cm土层的含量要高,说明全氮、有效磷的含量主要集中在作物的根系层;土壤有机质含量在不同土层,表现出相同的变化趋势,随着秸秆还田的逐渐腐化变质,其土壤养分在灌浆期达到峰值,而后,逐渐减少直至作物收获;不论是N、P含量还是有机质含量,在玉米全生育期均有处理二(FNT)>处理一(CN)>比处理三(CK);数据显示粉碎秸秆加土壤改良剂还田处理对土壤地力提升效果明显。

In order to determine the effects of different straw returning methods on soil N,P and organic matter,three methods of returning long straw to the field(treatment 1),returning crushed straw to the field with soil amendment(treatment 2)and control(treatment 3)were set up in the experiment.The results showed that the content of total N and available P in 0~20cm soil layer was higher than that in 20~50cm soil layer,indicating that the content of total N and available P was mainly concentrated in the root layer of crops.The content of soil organic matter in different soil layers shows the same change trend.With the gradual decay and deterioration of straw returning to the field,the soil nutrients reach the peak value during the filling period,and then gradually decrease until the crops are harvested.No matter the content of N,P and organic matter,there are treatment 2(FNT)>treatment 1(CN)>treatment 3(CK)in the whole growth period of maize.Data show that the treatment of returning crushed straw and soil conditioner to the field has obvious effect on improving soil fertility.