朱熹解《论语》“吾道一以贯之”与《中庸》“忠恕违道不远”

Zhu Xi’s Interpretation of The Analects of Confucius:“One Principle through it all”and The Doctrine of the Mean:“Loyalty and Forgiveness not far from Tao”

朱熹解《论语》忠恕“一以贯之”,以“圣人之心,浑然一理”为一,以“一本万殊”解“一以贯之”,并与《中庸》忠恕“违道不远”联系起来,讲“‘忠恕违道不远’,正是说忠恕;‘一以贯之’之忠恕,却是升一等说”,从而建立了“天地无心之忠恕”“圣人无为之忠恕”“学者著力之忠恕”的理论结构,并在这个结构中阐释《论语》忠恕“一以贯之”与《中庸》忠恕“违道不远”区别和相互关系。

Zhu Xi explained that loyalty and forgiveness were“One Principle through it all”in The Analects of Confucius.He took“the Mind of Saint is principle”as One,interpreted“One Principle through it all”with“Universality and Particularity”,and linked it with“Loyalty and Forgiveness not far from Tao”in The Doctrine of the Mean,saying that“Loyalty and Forgiveness not far from Tao”is just loyalty and forgiveness,and“One Principle through it all”is Higher level.So he had established the theoretical structures of“the loyalty and forgiveness in the heaven and the earth without intention”,“the loyalty and forgiveness in Saint without action”and“the loyalty and forgiveness in the scholar effort”,in which the difference and relationship between loyalty and forgiveness of“One Principle through it all”in The Analects of Confucius and of“Loyalty and Forgiveness not far from Tao”in The Doctrine of the Mean had been elaborated.