面向星球探测的高速撞击穿透器缓冲防护设计与仿真分析

Buffer protection design and simulation analysis of a high-speed impact penetratorfor planetary exploration

高速撞击穿透器以碰撞的方式嵌入天体内部,由于其着陆速度大,碰撞产生的过载严重,为了保证科学载荷在碰撞后能正常工作并且足够灵敏,必须对其进行减振防护。该研究对穿透器的减振结构进行设计,采用非线性有限元技术对穿透器的侵彻过程进行仿真分析,确定了穿透器的着陆速度,并研究了主要减振结构,即泡沫填充铝薄壁管,在碰撞载荷作用下的动态响应和能量吸收问题。从分析结果看,泡沫铝填充薄壁管在隔冲效率和能量吸收方面有较好的效果。

The high-speed impact penetrator dives into the interior of a planet in a collisional manner.Due to its high landing speed,the overload generated by the collision is severe.In order to ensure that the scientific instruments can work well after collision,the buffer protection must be designed.The vibration damping structure of a penetrator was designed.The nonlinear finite element technique was used to simulate the penetrating process of the penetrator,and the landing speed of the penetrator was then determined.The dynamic response and energy absorption of the main vibration-damping structure,foam-filled aluminum thin-walled tubes,under impact loads were investigated.From the analysis results,foam-filled thin-wall structures,used as an impact energy absorber,has excellent performance in terms of shock isolation efficiency and total energy absorption.