“想象竞合”情形下一事不再罚原则的适用机制

The mechanism of applying the principle of no second punishment in the case of“imaginative joiner of offense”

"一事不再罚"是行政处罚的一项基本原则。当出现"想象竞合"情形时,应如何适用法律、如何确定管辖权,目前我国法律未作规定。实践中通行的处理模式是,以同类行政处罚作出的时间为标准,确定后作出的处罚决定违反一事不再罚原则。该处理模式无法实现行政立法目的,难以发挥行政处罚功能,破坏平等对待原则。就"想象竞合"时如何适用一事不再罚原则,我国台湾地区、德国均确立了"择一重处"原则,并规定了相应的管辖权确定规则。借鉴域内外成熟立法经验,我们可以增加行政处罚立案询问环节、明确"择一重处"原则、增加补充处罚制度、构建协商决定管辖权机制等,以完善"想象竞合"时一事不再罚原则的适用机制。

“No second punishment for one thing”is a basic principle of administrative punishment.How to apply the law and how to determine the jurisdiction when“imaginative joiner of offense”appears has not been stipulated by the law of our country at the present.In practice,the common handling mode is to take the time of making similar administrative punishment as the standard,and the punishment decision made after confirmation violates the principle of"no second punishment".This mode cannot achieve the purpose of administrative legislation,exert the function of administrative punishment and destroy the principle of equal treatment.As to how to apply the principle of"no second punishment"in case of“imaginative joiner of offense”,Taiwan region and Germany have established the principle of“choosing a heavier punishment”and stipulated the corresponding rules for determining jurisdiction.Drawing lessons from mature legislative experiences outside China's Mainland,we can increase the inquiry link of administrative punishment filing,clarify the principle of“choosing a heavier punishment”,add supplementary punishment system,and construct the jurisdiction mechanism of consultation and decision,so as to improve the applicable mechanism of the principle of"no second punishment"of“imaginative joiner of offense”.