株行距配置对机采棉生长发育、产量及品质的影响

Effects of Row Spacing Patterns on the Growth,Yield and Quality of Machine-picked Cotton

【目的】研究不同株行距配置对棉花生长发育、产量及品质的影响,分析机采棉适宜的种植方式。【方法】在同一密度(18×104株/hm 2)下设置3种株行距配置方式:一膜三行(76 cm+76 cm+76 cm等行距,株距7 cm);一膜四行(76 cm+66 cm+10 cm+76 cm,平均行距57 cm,株距10 cm);一膜六行(66 cm+10 cm,平均行距38 cm,株距14.6 cm),分析不同株行距配置对棉花农艺性状、叶面积指数、棉铃时空分布、干物质积累及产量的影响。【结果】一膜三行模式下的棉花株高、果枝始节高度均优于其他模式;叶面积指数在盛铃期达到峰值,其中一膜三行处理叶面积指数较一膜四行、一膜六行处理分别高出11.57%、4.50%。产量以一膜三行处理最高,为6269.46 kg/hm 2,较一膜四行、一膜六行分别高出4.06%、4.85%,各处理间棉花纤维品质基本无差异。【结论】一膜三行等行距种植模式更适合作为机采棉种植方式。

【Objective】To study the effects of different plant spacing patterns on machine-picked cotton growth,yield and fiber quality.【Method】Three methods of plant spacing allocation were set up under the same planting density(180000 plants/hm 2).The modes were:one film and three rows(average row spacing 76 cm,plant spacing 7 cm),one film and four rows(average row spacing 57 cm,plant spacing 10 cm),one film and six rows(average row spacing 38cm,plant spacing 14.6 cm).The effects of row spacing on cotton agronomic traits,leaf area index(LAI),boll spatial and temporal distribution,dry matter accumulation and yield were studied.【Result】The results showed that the cotton plant height and the height of the first fruit branch under one film and three rows model were superior to those under other modes.LAI reached its maximum at the peak boll stage,and the LAI of the three-row with one film was 11.57%and 4.50%higher than those of the four-row with one film and the six-row with one film,respectively.The highest yield was 6269.46 kg/hm 2 in three rows with one film,which was 4.06%and 4.85%higher than those in four rows with one film and six rows with one film,respectively.There was no difference found in the quality of cotton fiber between treatments.【Conclusion】The three-row mode with one film is more suitable as a planting mode for machine-picked cotton cultivation.