靶向抗菌肽的设计策略与应用

Design Strategy and Application on Targeted Antimicrobial Peptides

抗生素问世以来挽救了无数生命,然而近年来抗生素的滥用越来越严重,从而导致多重耐药菌的出现以及机体正常微生物群落的生态失衡等问题,迫使人们开始寻找有效的抗生素替代物。抗菌肽广泛存在于动植物体中,具有抗菌、抗肿瘤、抗病毒及免疫调节等生物学活性,且不易诱发细菌耐药性,在临床和畜牧生产中表现出极好的应用前景。为避免细菌耐药性和微生态紊乱等问题的产生,具有靶向功能的抗菌肽受到科研工作者的青睐,逐渐成为研究的热点,并有望成为抗生素替代物之一。本文对近年来靶向抗菌肽的设计思路及其在临床和畜牧生产中的应用前景进行概述,以期为将来靶向抗菌肽的开发提供新的思路。

The discovery of antibiotics has saved countless lives. However, the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and ecological imbalance of normal microbial communities due to indiscriminate use of antibiotics has forced on finding effective substitutions of antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs) exist widely in animals and plants, which have effective activity against bacteria, tumor, virus etc., without inducing drug resistance. It has excellent application prospects in clinical and livestock industry. In order to avoid problems such as drug resistance and micro-ecological disorders, targeted antimicrobial peptides have aroused researchers’ interests and gradually become a research hotspot, which have been expected as one of the effective substitutions of antibiotics. In this paper, the design ideas of targeted antimicrobial peptides in recent years and their application prospects in clinical and animal husbandry are summarized, in order to provide new ideas for the development of targeted antimicrobial peptides in the future.