基于SRPE竞速运动项目训练负荷评价方法的实证研究

An Empirical Study on Training Load Evaluation Method of Racing Sports Based on SRPE

目的:基于自行车运动员的训练负荷实证评价,探讨竞速运动项目训练负荷主观感知疲劳评价(session rating of perceived exertion,SRPE)的有效性,并证明训练因素[心率(HR)、训练压力分数(TSS)、训练刺激量(TRIMP)、代谢当量(MET)、能量消耗(EE)]与非训练因素(自感疲劳、压力等级、睡眠质量、肌肉酸痛、训练积极性)对训练负荷量(SRPETL)的影响作用。方法:10名优秀职业自行车运动员(均为男性),测试开始前1周均未进行过大强度运动。运用SRPE、心率计(Garmin佳明HRM-tri)、码表(Garmin佳明edge 200)、身心恢复测试量表等对42天的高原训练负荷进行测试。内部负荷采用SRPE-TL、ETRIMP、ETRIMP、%HRmax表示,外部负荷采用TSS、MET、EE表示。结果:平均每周的SRPE-TL为5 300±1 512 AU。训练单调性(TM)为2.22±0.81 AU,训练应激(TS)为12 766±1 334 AU。SRPE-TL与各测试指标之间具有显著相关性(r=0.58~0.81)。逐步多元回归分析结果表明ETRIMP、TSS、自感疲劳、肌肉酸痛和压力等级可以解释SRPE-TL 71.8%的变异程度(Y=453.12+2.99 ETRIMP+1.20 TSS-114.81自感疲劳-111.30肌肉酸痛+85.81压力等级)。结论:SRPE是评价竞速项目训练负荷的一种有效手段,并且SRPETL是一个全域性指标,且训练因素与非训练因素均对运动员感知疲劳有影响作用。

Objective:Based on empirical evaluation of training load of cyclists, to explore the effective evaluation method of the training load in racing events which means SPRE(Session Rating of Perceived Exertion), and figure out the effect of training factors(HR, TSS, TRIMP,MET, EE) and the non-training factors(self-induced fatigue, stress level, sleep quality, muscle soreness, training initiative) on SRPE-TL(Session Rating of Perceived Exertion-Training Load). Methods: Ten excellent professional cyclists(both were man) did not exercise too hard one week before the test. SRPE, heart rate meter(Garmin HRM-tri), stopwatch(Garmin edge200) and physical and mental recovery test scale were used to test the 42-day plateau training load. The internal load was represented by SRPE-TL, Banister TRIMP, Edwards TRIMP and % HRmax, while the external load was represented by training stress score(TSS), metabolic equivalent(MET) and energy expenditure(EE).Results:Average weekly SRPE-TL was 5 300±1 512 AU. Training monotony(TM) was 2.22±0.81 AU, and training stress(TS) was 12 766±1 334 AU. There was a significant correlation between SRPE-TL and various test indexes(r=0.58~0.81). Stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that ETRIMP, TSS, self-induced fatigue, muscle soreness and stress level could explain 71.8% of the variation degree of SRPE-TL(Y=453.12 + 2.99 ETRIMP + 1.20 TSS-114.81 self-induced fatigue-111.30 muscle soreness +85.81 stress level).Conclusion:SRPE is an effective method to evaluate training load, and SRPETL is a regional index. Cyclists are burdened with intense training. Both training factors and non-training factors have the effect on SRPE.