大数据安全技术研究进展

Research progress on big data security technology

大数据是经济发展的新动能,社会发展的新引擎,塑造国家竞争力的战略制高点,对人民生活具有重大影响.然而随着社会对数据价值认知的提升和大数据平台建设的蓬勃发展,大数据安全问题日益成为阻碍大数据应用推广的瓶颈.同时,由于大数据技术、框架仍在不断演变当中,研究人员对大数据安全内涵的核心认知和关键特征理解还存在差异,尚未形成相对统一的大数据安全框架.当前亟需对大数据安全技术发展现状进行梳理,为大数据安全重点问题的研究和突破提供参考.本文结合典型大数据系统技术框架,围绕大数据安全需求,构建了大数据安全技术框架.在此框架下,从大数据安全共享与可信服务、大数据平台安全和大数据安全监管3个方面系统梳理了大数据安全关键技术的研究现状,囊括了大数据业务流程和大数据系统技术框架所涉及的主要安全机制.最后总结了大数据安全技术有待解决的核心问题和发展趋势.

As a new and energetic realm of economic development,an innovative engine of social development,and a strategic tool for shaping national competitiveness,big data significantly effects people’s lives.However,improved social awareness of data value and vigorous development of big data platforms mean that big data security is increasingly hindering the promotion of big data applications.Meanwhile,as big data technology and framework continue to evolve,researchers still have different understandings of the core ideas and key features of big data security,and a unified big data security framework has yet to be established.Currently,determining the state-of-the-art of big data security technology is urgently needed to provide reference for research aimed at solving key big data security issues.Following a typical big data system technology framework,this review builds a novel big data security technology framework around big data security requirements.With this framework,state-of-the-art key big data security technologies are systematically summarized from three aspects:big data secure sharing and trusted services,big data platform security,and big data security supervision,which includes the main security mechanisms involved in big data business processes and system technology frameworks.Finally,big data security technology’s core issues and development trends are summarized.