水肥耦合对金花茶幼苗生长响应及综合评价分析

Growth Response and Comprehensive Evaluation Analyses of Camellia nitidissima Seedlings under Water and Fertilizer Coupling Mode

以金花茶(Camellia nitidissima)幼苗为材料,采用三因素五水平二次回归通用旋转组合设计,研究金花茶幼苗对水肥耦合的生长响应,旨在找出金花茶幼苗生长最为优良的水肥条件,为金花茶幼苗的栽培及应用提供科学依据。结果表明:10—12月间,金花茶幼苗株高、地径长势最佳,且根冠比最高的水肥条件为土壤含水量13.80%,单株施肥量氮(N)5.43g、磷(P2O5)2.40g;生物量最大的水肥条件为土壤含水量13.80%,单株施肥量氮(N)10.87g、磷(P2O5)2.40g。主效应及耦合效应分析表明,水、氮、磷三因素对金花茶幼苗株高与地径相对增长量的影响极显著,而对生物量无显著影响,水氮交互对株高相对增长量影响极显著;不同水肥耦合条件下,金花茶幼苗各生长指标均呈显著性差异(P<0.05)。通过苗木综合评价得出,最适宜金花茶幼苗生长的水肥条件为土壤含水量13.80%,单株施肥量氮(N)10.87g、磷(P2O5)2.40g。

In order to find out the best water and fertilizer conditions for Camellia nitidissima seedling growth and provide scientific base for its fertilizer application and cultivation,the growth response to water and fertilizer coupling was studied by three-factor and five-level quadratic regression combination design.The results showed that from October to December,the growth trends of plant height and ground diameter were optimum.When the soil water content was 13.80%and the application amount of nitrogen was 5.43 g and phosphorus was 2.40 g per plant,the root-shoot ratio was the highest.But the biomass was the most in the conditions of soil moisture content as 13.80%and nitrogen and phosphorus application amounts per plant as 10.87 g and 2.40 g respectively.The results of main effect and couple effect analyses showed that water,nitrogen and phosphorus extremely significantly affected the relative increments of plant height and ground diameter of Camellia nitidissima seedlings,but had no significant effect on biomass.The water-nitrogen interaction extremely significantly affected the relative increment of plant height.Under different coupling conditions of water and fertilizer,the growth indexes of Camellia aureus seedlings were significantly different(P<0.05).The optimum water and fertilizer conditions for the growth of Camellia aureus seedlings were soil water content as 13.80%and nitrogen and phosphorus application amounts per plant as 10.87 g and 2.40 g respectively by comprehensive evaluation.