俄罗斯乔状沙棘引进与培育研究

Breeding and Reproduction Techniques of Russia-tree Hippophae arborescens

为了探究俄罗斯乔状沙棘在北京地区的生长适应性情况,该文以2013年引进自新疆林科所1a生俄罗斯沙棘为研究对象,调查其在北京地区的生长发育情况。结果显示:俄罗斯乔状沙棘引进当年成活率为94%,苗木生长旺盛,高生长量为62cm,地径生长量为6.9mm;到2016年苗木保存率为89%,生长健壮,没有发生病虫害和抽梢现象。定植第2年(2014年)苗木生长最快,高生长量达131cm,胸径生长17.7mm。到2018年生长季末,苗木高达到475cm,胸径40.9mm,并且连年生长量呈现下降趋势。表明俄罗斯乔状沙棘能够在北京地区正常生长,苗龄1~5a,为苗木的快速生长期。该品种干性强,在幼年期通过侧枝去强留弱,主枝去弱留强等修剪方式,可将其培育成高大乔木。

In order to explore the growth adaptability of Russia-tree Hippophae arborescens in Beijing,a year-old Russia-tree Hippophae arborescens introduced from Xinjiang Forestry Institute in 2013 was taken as the research object to investigate its growth and development in Beijing.The results showed that the survival rate of Russia-tree Hippophae arborescens was 94%,the seedlings grew vigorously,the height growth was 62 cm,and the ground diameter growth was 6.9 mm.By 2016,the survival rate of the seedlings was 89%,and the seedlings grew vigorously without pests,diseases and shooting.In the second year of planting(2014),the seedlings grew fastest,with 131 cm in height and 17.7 mm in diameter at breast height.By the end of the growing season in 2018,the seedlings reached 475 cm with a DBH of 40.9 mm,and the annual growth showed a downward trend.The results showed that Russia-tree Hippophae arborescenscould grow normally in Beijing area,and it was a fast growing period of seedlings in 1 to 5 years.The variety has strong dryness and can be cultivated into tall trees by pruning methods such as side branch to remove strong and weak,main branch to remove weak and retain strong.