哈尼族迁徙史诗《哈尼阿培聪坡坡》中的喜“雀”文化解读

Sparrows Stay with Affection and Express the Aspiration——An Interpretation of the Culture of Liking"Sparrow"in the Hani Migratory Epic Hani Apei Chong PoPo

《哈尼阿培聪坡坡》作为哈尼族最为重要的迁徙史诗,其以质朴的言语、脉络清晰的情节,展现了哈尼祖先曲折艰难、荡气回肠的迁徙历史。通读全诗,除了赞颂哈尼族先辈坚忍不拔的民族精神外,诗中也透露了哈尼族一个特别而有趣的喜“雀”现象:全诗数十次以不同方式提及各类的“雀”。从文中第一章至最后一章,“雀”点缀全诗,始终相伴哈尼先辈左右,它出现在美丽富饶的哈尼族祖居地,是哈尼族人对美好生活的象征;它出现在尊严肃穆的祭祀场合,以灵性之姿享受祭献,展现哈尼族人对先祖与自然的崇敬;它更是哈尼族人日常生活中的智慧比拟,在通俗易懂的人生哲思中,尽显哈尼族人敬畏生命、热爱生活的美好品格以及对大自然的纤悉体察。

As the most important migratory epic of the Hani,Hani Apei Chong PoPo shows the difficult and soul-stirring migration history of Hani's ancestors with simple words and clear plots.The persevering national spirit of the ancestors of this nation is penetrated throughout the whole poem.In the poem,a special phenomenon of the nation's liking of"sparrows"is also revealed:the whole poem refers to various types of"sparrows"dozens of times with different ways.From the first chapter to the last chapter,the"sparrows"embellish the whole poem and always stay with the Hani ancestors.It appears in the beautiful and fertile Hani ancestral home and is the symbol of the Hani people's good life.It also appears in the solemn sacrifice occasions,enjoying the sacrifice in its spirituality,showing the Hani people's respect for the ancestors and nature.It is also the wisdom likening of Hani people's daily life.In the easy-to-understand life philosophy,it shows the good character of the Hani people who fear life,love life and have the deep understanding of nature.