打油鼓的形态变迁与当代传承

Morphological Changes and Contemporary Inheritance of Oil Drums

打油鼓最初是流行于湖南湘潭地区的一种“收瘟摄毒”祭祀仪式,后来发展成为一种带有浓郁宗教性质的仪式舞蹈。油鼓原为装油的器皿,人们敲击油鼓是为了祭祀祖先与神灵,作为一种祭神仪式或祭祀舞蹈,打油鼓祭祀时的祭神表征与民俗意向是很常见也很普遍的,巫师也尽量迎合他者对于打油鼓仪式的巫术想象,把一项纯粹宗教祭祀仪式艺术化。但是,打油鼓在仪式场域的扩散中,人们似乎都在积极构建代表“自我”的文化艺术符号。笔者推断,打油鼓可能是人们用来强化族群关系、传承集体记忆、丰富精神生活的一种文化符号。根据传承人的表述和流传下来的文献资料显示,打油鼓在祭祀程序、舞蹈形式、唱词关系、音乐形式等方面具有独特的文化特征。

the oil drum is a kind of ritual ritual which is popular in xiangtan area of Hunan province,and later developed into a kind of ritual dance with rich religious nature.The oil drum was originally an oil container.People used the oil drum to worship the ancestors and gods.As a kind of ritual ritual or sacrificial dance,the rituals and folk intentions during the oil drum sacrifice are very common and common.The wizard also tries to cater to other people's witchcraft imagination for the oil drum ritual,and artistically turns a purely broken religious ritual.However,in the spread of the oil drum in the ceremonial field,people seem to be actively building cultural and artistic symbols that represent"self".The author inferred that the oil drum may be a cultural symbol used by people to strengthen ethnic relations,inherit collective memory,and enrich spiritual life.According to the expressions of the inheritors and the literature data handed down,the oil drum has unique cultural characteristics in the sacrificial procedures,dance forms,lyrics relations,and music forms.