韩国在全球价值链中的位置及其演变——基于WWZ增加值贸易分解法

The Position of ROK in Global Value Chain and Its Evolution--An Empirical Study Based on WWZ Value-added Trade Decomposition

基于WIOD数据库,对韩国增加值贸易进行测度并分解发现,2000年以来,韩国的进出口贸易在向价值链上游攀升,已从对美国的高依赖逐渐转变为对中国的高依赖;各国(地区)在韩国出口中的相对贡献程度发生了变化。排前三位的贸易伙伴依次为美国、澳大利亚、中国,中国对韩国出口的贡献指数与美国的差距越来越小,中国对韩国出口的贡献越来越大,德国和日本对韩国的相对出口贡献指数在缓慢下降,美国与澳大利亚的指数变化较为波折。韩国出口在全球价值链的位置和参与程度不同产业体现出不同的特点,最终产品的出口占比下降,中间产品的出口占比增加,全球价值链在逐渐拉长,参与全球价值链生产的程度逐年提高;制造业的参与程度要大于初级产品、资源产品,以及服务业。

Based on the WIOD database,this paper measures and decomposes value-added trade in ROK.The results show that since 2000,ROK s import and export trade has risen to the upper reaches of the value chain,and ROK has gradually shifted from high dependence on the United States to high dependence on China;the relative export contribution index of countries(regions)in ROK has changed.In 2014,the top three trading partners became the United States,Australia,and China.The gap between the export contribution index of China s to ROK and the United States exports to ROK is getting smaller and smaller.The relative export contribution index of China to ROK is increasing,Germany and Japan to ROK are slowly declining,and the U.S.and Australia to ROK is wavier.The location and degree of participation of ROK s exports in the global value chain reflect different industrial characteristics.The proportion of final products exports has decreased,the proportion of intermediate products exports has increased,the global value chain has gradually elongated,and the degree of participation in global value chain production has been increasing year by year.In addition,the level of participation in manufacturing is greater than the level of participation in primary products and resource products.