基于三维轮胎-集料离散元的避险车道失控车辆停车过程分析

Analysis of vehicle parking process on truck escape ramp based on 3D tire-aggregate discrete element

为了提高避险车道失控车辆停车距离的估算精度,并分析车轮沉陷变形作用下砾石粒径、坡度、车辆速度、载重等对停车距离的影响,开展了基于三维轮胎-集料离散元的避险车道失控车辆停车过程分析。首先构建集料-车轮三维离散元模型;其次通过真实试验数据标定模型中的集料、车轮离散元的微观参数;最后进行不同砾石粒径、不同车轮载重、不同驶入速度、不同坡度的数值模拟试验。结果发现:集料粒径、坡度、失控车辆初始速度、载重对停车过程有显著影响;推荐了集料的配比方法、制动床铺设厚度、避险车道铺设长度等信息。

In order to improve the estimation accuracy of the out-of-control vehicle parking distance on the truck escape ramp,and analyze the influence of gravel particle size,slope,vehicle speed and load on the parking distance under the influence of wheel subsidence and deformation,an analysis of the out-of-control vehicle parking process on truck escape ramp was carried out based on three-dimensional tire-aggregate discrete element.Firstly,the collection-wheel three-dimensional discrete element model was constructed.Secondly,the microscopic parameters of the discrete elements of aggregates and wheels in the model were calibrated by real test data.Finally,the numerical simulation tests of different gravel sizes,different wheel loads,different driving speeds and different slopes were carried out.The results show that the aggregate size,slope,initial speed and load have significant influence on the stopping process.In addition,this study recommends the aggregate ratio method,the laying thickness of brake bed,and the laying length of truck escape ramp.