基于代谢组学技术的天麻降血压作用研究

Study on the Anti-hypertension of Gastrodia Elata based on Metabonomic Technology

目的利用代谢组学技术分析自发性高血压大鼠天麻干预前后血清内源性代谢物的变化,探讨其作用机制。方法14只自发性高血压大鼠随机分为模型组(生理盐水)和天麻组(2 mL/200g天麻提取液),每组7只,另取7只Wistar大鼠设为正常组(生理盐水),均治疗4周。治疗前及治疗2、4周测量大鼠尾动脉收缩压,利用液质联用技术分离、分析各组大鼠血清中内源性代谢物。结果与模型组比较,天麻组大鼠的宏观体征改善,治疗2、4周收缩压下降(P<0.01)。正常组、模型组、天麻组的代谢谱明显分开,模型稳定性良好。与模型组比较,天麻组整体代谢模式和个体代谢物发生改变,鉴定出潜在生物标志物27个,主要涉及亚油酸代谢、花生四烯酸代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、苯丙氨酸代谢、胆汁酸生物合成、类固醇激素生物合成等代谢途径。结论天麻可降低自发性高血压大鼠血压,其机制可能与抑制血管炎症物质的释放有关。

Objective To analyze the changes of serum endogenous metabolites before and after intervention of gastrodia elata in spontaneously hypertensive rats, and to study the change of mechanism based on metabonomic technology. Method Totally 14 spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomly divided into model group(normal saline) and gastrodia group(2 mL/200 g gastrodia elata extract), 7 rats in each group. Another 7 Wistar rats were recruited as the normal group(normal saline), all treated for 4 weeks. The systolic blood pressure of the rat tail artery was measured before,2 and 4 weeks after intervention. The endogenous metabolites in the serum were separated and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results Compared with the model group, the macroscopic signs improved, the blood pressure decreased in 2 and 4 weeks in gastrodia group(P<0.01). The metabolic profiles of normal group, model group, and the gastrodia group could be clearly separated, and model stability was well. Compared with the model group, the overall metabolic pattern and individual metabolites were changed in gastrodia group, 27 potential biomarkers were identified. The biomarkers mainly involved linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Conclusion Gastrodia elata could reduce the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats, and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the release of vascular inflammatory substances.